The Bible on Tower Building

Genesis 11:4

They said, "Come, let us build for ourselves a city, and a tower whose top will reach into heaven, and let us make for ourselves a name, otherwise we will be scattered abroad over the face of the whole earth."

Judges 9

46. When all the leaders of the tower of Shechem heard of it, they entered the inner chamber of the temple of El-berith.
47. It was told Abimelech that all the leaders of the tower of Shechem were gathered together.
49. All the people also cut down each one his branch and followed Abimelech, and put them on the inner chamber and set the inner chamber on fire over those inside, so that all the men of the tower of Shechem also died, about a thousand men and women.
51. But there was a strong tower in the center of the city, and all the men and women with all the leaders of the city fled there and shut themselves in; and they went up on the roof of the tower.
52. So Abimelech came to the tower and fought against it, and approached the entrance of the tower to burn it with fire.

Song of Solomon 4

"Your neck is like the tower of David,
Built with rows of stones
On which are hung a thousand shields,
All the round shields of the mighty men.

I'm sure one could come up with much more than this on tower building in the Bible, but it's just a start to a series of posts on tower building.

The Curse of Ham

Staying on the topic of colors, one of the most disturbing passages from the Bible concerns the "Curse of Ham," which has been more influential than any text in history in the justification of modern slavery and racism. The actual story related in Genesis 9:18-27 is so bizarre and nonsensical that it is hard to believe anyone takes it seriously today, although I am curious as to how contemporary biblical literalists interpet it. Here is the text:

The sons of Noah who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham and Japheth. (Ham was the father of Canaan.) These were the three sons of Noah, and from them came the people who were scattered over the earth.

Noah, a man of the soil, proceeded to plant a vineyard. When he drank some of its wine, he became drunk and lay uncovered inside his tent. Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father's nakedness and told his two brothers outside. But Shem and Japheth took a garment and laid it across their shoulders; then they walked in backward and covered their father's nakedness. Their faces were turned the other way so that they would not see their father's nakedness.

When Noah awoke from his wine and found out what his youngest son had done to him, he said,
"Cursed be Canaan!
The lowest of slaves
will he be to his brothers."

He also said,
"Blessed be the LORD, the God of Shem!
May Canaan be the slave of Shem.

May God extend the territory of Japheth;
may Japheth live in the tents of Shem,
and may Canaan be his slave."

Setting aside the inexplicable curse on Canaan's son (but not on Canaan himself), and setting aside the fact that skin color is not mentioned, the influence of the text derives from the supposed explanation for the different "races" of humanity and the legitimation of the enslavement of one of these races. In the historically dominant interpretation, Ham and Canaan were black, and there descendants were properly slaves. Broadly speaking, Japheth's descendants were the Eastern Europeans, Shem's descendants were the Arabs and Hebrews, leaving Africans and other Aisans to be descended from Ham. Thus the Biblical origins of the racist "Curse of Ham."